Davao Research Journal
type: channel
description: The Davao Research Journal is a multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed journal that publishes research and developmental reports across various fields of study. It is the official journal of the Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU). The journal seeks contributions from other researchers and writers from various institutions, universities, and agencies, including foreign authors, who are welcome to submit their manuscripts.
publisher: Davao Oriental State University (DOrSU)
language: en
publication name: Davao Research Journal
issn: 2244-4432
copyright: DRJ is an open-access journal and the article's license is CC-BY-NC. This license allows others to distribute, remix, tweak, and build on the author's work, as long as they give credit to the original work. Authors retain the copyright and grant the journal/publisher non-exclusive publishing rights with the work simultaneously licensed under a https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.
items: Police Self-Image in Relation to Public Trust in the Second Congressional District of Davao Oriental
items: GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA-AHP) for Flood and Landslide Susceptibility Mapping and Urban Sprawl Assessment in the City of Mati, Davao Oriental, Philippines
items: Roles of Various Family Member in Abaca Production in Baganga, Davao Oriental
items: Quantitative Analysis of Soil, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in the Mango Farm of MEFCO, Mati City, Davao Oriental
items: Linking Environmental Factors to Phenolic Concentrations in Seagrasses of Silliman Beach and Olympia Island, Negros Oriental
items: Pusit (Squid) Chicharon as an Enterprise Development Project
items: Design and Construction of Motorcycle Telescopic Oil Seal Remover with Installer
items: Molecular and Histopathological Detection of Vibrio harveyi Associated with Mortality in Asian Sea Bass Cultured in Sri Lanka
items: Math Avoidance and Psychological Difficulties in Relation to Number Sense: A Structural Equation Model
items: Professional Experience and Personal Circumstances as Determinants of Science Teacher Preparedness in Lupon District, Davao Oriental
items: Enhancing Food Diversification to Address Food Security among Fishermen in Davao Region, Philippines
items: Awareness and Perceptions on Reproductive Health Law Among Tausug in Magsaysay, Mati City, Davao Oriental
items: Gender Mapping of Abaca Farmers in Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines
items: Lea Angsinco-Jimenez, Ph.D.: A Pioneer in Marine Science—Legacy and Impact
items: Strengthening Resilience among Small-Scale Fishers in Coastal Communities in Davao Region
items: Perceptions, Causes, and Socioeconomic Effects of Drowning in Artisanal Fishing Communities
items: Contours of Conviction: Quantifying Identity Stability among Muslim Youth in Response to Contemporary Islamic Thought
items: Estimating the Health Production Function: A National-Level Study of Bangladesh
items: Gendered Division of Labor in Traditional Upland Rice Farming Systems in the Selected Municipalities of the Third Congressional District of Iloilo
items: Physical Activity Barriers and Holistic Wellness among Teacher Education Students
items: Levels of Awareness, Importance and Willingness to Engage in Agri-Tourism: In the case of Farm Owners and some Sectors in the Municipality of Manay
items: Assessing the Implementation and Outcomes of the Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Empowerment Program of the 56th Infantry (TATAG) Battalion, 7th Infantry (KAUGNAY) Division, Philippine Army
items: Elevation-Driven Shifts in Species Diversity, Endemicity, and Vegetation Structure across the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Davao Oriental, Philippines
items: Microbial Assessment of Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology's (DOSCST) Water System Mati, Davao Oriental: A Basis for Management Intervention
items: Advantages of Restricted Caregiving on Work Behaviors of Digitally Fixated Children Ages 2–5 in Cavite
items: Performance of TALABLOCKS: Cement Hollow Block with Ostreidei Shell additive
items: Growth And Survival of Sea Hare (Dolabella auricularia) Fed with Seaweeds under Cage Condition in Guang-Guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
items: Quality, Utilization and Management of Groundwater in Barangay Badas, Mati, Davao Oriental
items: Media Exposure and Social Awareness of selected Residents in Mati City, Davao Oriental
items: Technology-Integrated Problem-Based Learning in Mathematics Education: A Scoping Review of Technological Trajectories, Pedagogy, Learning, and Challenges

Police Self-Image in Relation to Public Trust in the Second Congressional District of Davao Oriental
type: item
description: Public trust in law enforcement is a complex issue shaped by individual perspectives and social dynamics. This study aims to gain an understanding of the Police Self-Image in Relation to Public Trust among police officers assigned in the second congressional district of Davao Oriental, using a community-based survey of 358 respondents. This study uses a quantitative, descriptive-correlational research method to: first, identify the levels of police self-image and public trust; second, explore the existing relationship between police self-image and public trust; and third, test the existing influence of police self-image on public trust. Results reveal that Police self-image is very high, as is Public Trust. The correlation test found a significant, strong positive correlation between police self-image and public trust. Also, it exerted a significant influence on police self-image and public trust. The R-squared value indicated that 41.4% of the variance in public trust is significantly influenced by police image. This study concludes that police self-image is a strong and significant predictor of public trust, amplifying 41.4% of its variance. A very high police self-image aligns with high public trust, validating their positive relationship. Law enforcement agencies ought to institutionalize programs that reinforce police professional identity, ethical standards, and community engagement, as police self-image statistically significantly influences public trust. Regular community discussions and a feedback system should also be applied. Additionally, subsequent initiatives should explore additional determinants of trust, as 58.6% of its variance remains unexplained.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Davao Oriental
  topic: keywords
subject: Police
  topic: keywords
subject: Public
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-Image
  topic: keywords
subject: Trust
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative
  topic: keywords
creator: Jenet Grace Fuentes
creator: Steve Bryan B Simbrano
creator: Micaela Abigail Picar
creator: Joie Jean P Aranas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jenet Grace Fuentes, Steve Bryan B. Simbrano, Micaela Abigail Picar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-13
publication date: 2026-05-13
starting page: 68
ending page: 76
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.561

GIS-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA-AHP) for Flood and Landslide Susceptibility Mapping and Urban Sprawl Assessment in the City of Mati, Davao Oriental, Philippines
type: item
description: Flooding and landslides pose persistent and compounding risks in the City of Mati, Davao Oriental, Philippines, where rapid urban expansion increasingly intersects with hazard-prone landscapes. This study applied a Geographic Information System (GIS)-based Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis integrated with the Analytical Hierarchy Process (MCDA-AHP) to generate spatially explicit flood and landslide susceptibility maps and examine their interaction with urban sprawl from 2017 to 2024. Flood susceptibility was modelled using slope, elevation, rainfall, land use/land cover, and topographic wetness index, while landslide susceptibility incorporated slope, rainfall, soil type, erodibility, clay content, and land cover. Weighted overlay analysis produced composite hazard maps that were subsequently integrated with urban growth data. Results indicate that approximately 2,458.66 hectares are highly susceptible to flooding, primarily in low-lying coastal barangays, while 10,267.15 hectares are highly prone to landslides in steep upland areas. Urban expansion increased from 1,864.21 hectares in 2017 to 3,181.88 hectares in 2024, with significant encroachment into high-risk zones. This spatial convergence of hazards and development intensifies exposure, particularly in densely populated and rapidly developing communities. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of GIS-based MCDA-AHP as a decision-support tool for multi-hazard assessment and highlights the urgent need for risk-informed land-use planning. Integrating hazard-susceptibility maps into local policies, zoning regulations, and infrastructure planning is critical to minimizing disaster impacts and guiding sustainable urban development. These findings provide a robust scientific basis for enhancing resilience and adaptive capacity in hazard-prone coastal and upland environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Flood susceptibility
  topic: keywords
subject: GIS-based MCDA-AHP
  topic: keywords
subject: landslide susceptibility
  topic: keywords
subject: urban sprawl
  topic: keywords
subject: weighted overlay analysis
  topic: keywords
creator: Ramil L Ramos
creator: Jonathan S Cabrera
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ramil L. Ramos, Jonathan S. Cabrera https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-08
publication date: 2026-05-08
starting page: 56
ending page: 67
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.555

Roles of Various Family Member in Abaca Production in Baganga, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: Women play a vital yet often underrecognized role in the rural economies of developing countries, particularly in agriculture, which is traditionally viewed as a male-dominated field. This study focused on gender roles in abaca farming, aiming to analyze how family members—husbands, wives, and children—contribute to production and the household economy. This study was conducted in Barangay Mikit and Barangay Campawan in Baganga, Davao Oriental. The research involved 42 abaca farmers selected based on their livelihood. Data were collected through a survey questionnaire translated into the local language. The respondents ranged in age from 18 to 62, with the largest group between 34 and 41 years old. Households had slightly more males (54%) than females (46%). Educational attainment was generally low, with 67% having only elementary education, reflecting limited financial capacity and access to schooling. Most respondents (95%) owned their homes, and 29% cultivated 5–6 hectares of land, often inherited. Labor in abaca farming was divided among family members. Husbands take primary responsibility for planting and harvesting due to the physical demands of these tasks. Wives assisted mainly in maintaining the farm, such as clearing weeds, while children provided additional support when needed. Marketing activities involve minimal participation from wives and children. Overall, the study highlights that although men dominate key farming tasks, the contributions of women and children were significant and essential. Their involvement supports productivity and strengthens the family’s economic stability, emphasizing the need for greater recognition of their roles in abaca farming.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abaca
  topic: keywords
subject: Baganga
  topic: keywords
subject: gender
  topic: keywords
subject: PhilFIDA
  topic: keywords
subject: textile Industry
  topic: keywords
creator: Genevieve S Espada
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Genevieve Saypan Espada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2018-12-12
publication date: 2018-12-12
starting page: 92
ending page: 105
doi: 10.59120/drj.v6i2.553

Quantitative Analysis of Soil, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in the Mango Farm of MEFCO, Mati City, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: The study was conducted at the Mango Farm of MEFCO to determine the concentrations of soil nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), and the two specific environmental parameters, soil temperature and soil moisture. This was conducted from December 2002 to January 2003. Quantitative analysis of soil nitrogen was determined using Wilde’s Colorimetric Method, soil phosphorus using Modified Olsen Method, and soil potassium using Warm H₂SO₄ Extraction. Moisture content was determined using the percent moisture calculation, and soil temperature was measured with a thermometer. Results showed that the mean available soil nitrogen concentration in the mango farm was 300 ppm. Soil phosphorus concentration ranged from as low as 1 ppm (Stations 1,2 and 3) to as high as 20 ppm (Station 5). The average available phosphorus concentration in the mango farm was 5.6 ppm. Soil potassium concentration in the mango farm was 444 ppm. Soil temperature in the mango farm of MEFCO ranges from 25.4 °C (Station 1) to 26.6°C (Station 2). Average soil temperature was found to be 26.08 °C. Soil moisture content ranges from 1.02 % to 1.04 %, with a mean of 1.03 % Result of the 1-Test for physicochemical parameters, as compared with desirable values and soil sufficiency level, was highly significant. This means that the parameters were found to be lower than the desirable and sufficient value. Environmental parameters, as compared to soil sufficiency and desirable levels, were also highly significant.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Nitrogen
  topic: keywords
subject: Phosphorus
  topic: keywords
subject: Potassium
  topic: keywords
subject: Quantitative
  topic: keywords
creator: Tediolin C Ato
rights: Copyright (c) 2004 Tediolin C. Ato https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2004-08-12
publication date: 2004-08-12
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.59120/drj.v6i2.552

Linking Environmental Factors to Phenolic Concentrations in Seagrasses of Silliman Beach and Olympia Island, Negros Oriental
type: item
description: Seagrass meadows are essential in sustaining marine biodiversity, supporting fisheries, and protecting shorelines. Despite their importance, seagrasses are increasingly exposed to multiple stressors, including sedimentation, nutrient enrichment, pollution, and coastal development. These pressures can trigger biochemical responses such as the accumulation of phenolic compounds. In this study, phenolic concentrations in seagrasses were quantified, and the environmental factors influencing their concentration were identified. Seagrass samples were collected from Silliman Beach (Dumaguete City) and Olympia Island (Bais City), Philippines. Phenolic content was measured using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Water quality parameters were monitored twice monthly from July 2024 to April 2025, and sediment nutrient analyses were conducted monthly. Results revealed lower phenolic concentrations in the seagrasses at Olympia Island (5.24 to 26.50 mg TAE/g) than at Silliman Beach (6.82 to 50.5 mg TAE/g). Syringodium isoetifolium exhibited the highest phenolic concentration at Silliman Beach, followed by Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea rotundata, and Halodule pinifolia. Enhalus acoroides showed the lowest concentrations in both Silliman Beach and Olympia Island. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that phosphorus primarily influenced phenolic accumulation in Syringodium isoetifolium. In other seagrass species, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, and nutrients correlated with the phenolic concentrations. Increased phenolic production in seagrasses reflects adaptive stress responses and resource allocation toward defense. Therefore, phenolic levels should be incorporated as a biomarker to monitor ecosystem health and guide conservation strategies in Philippine seagrass habitats.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Negros Oriental
  topic: keywords
subject: phenolics
  topic: keywords
subject: seagrass
  topic: keywords
subject: stress bioindicator
  topic: keywords
creator: Rica D Bantoto
creator: TJ G Alcala
creator: Levi Shane C Montano
creator: Venus B Kinamot
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Rica D. Bantoto, TJ G. Alcala, Levi Shane C. Montano, Venus B. Kinamot https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-04
publication date: 2026-05-04
starting page: 47
ending page: 55
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.548

Pusit (Squid) Chicharon as an Enterprise Development Project
type: item
description: This enterprise development project on pusit chicharon is an academic study that focuses on determining the feasibility of the new product in Barangay Central, City of Mati, Davao Oriental. Pusit Chicharon is a product that could serve as an additional source of income for fisherfolk, women, and entrepreneurs in the locality. This product also aimed to provide employment to the community and to understand the impact on the customer of the new product. For every 1 kg of dried pusit, it produces 40 packs of 25 g of pusit chicharon. Therefore, to produce 200 packs at 25 g per pack per operation, it needs 25 kg of fresh pusit, which is equivalent to 5 kg of dried pusit. The shelf life of the product is about 14 – 16 days for human consumption at a room temperature of 30 oC. To achieve the desired volume of the product, it is best to operate 4 times a week. The volume of production is 200 packs per operation, and produced for about 38,400 packs annually. The initial annual return on investment has 110%, a unit variable cost of Php 14.70 per 25 g packs, a net profit margin of 32%, and 9,477 packs of break – even volume of production. Therefore, it is profitable to produce Pusit Chicharon in the locality since it has a higher potential return on investment, and the price is acceptable in the market. Hence, processing of Pusit Chicharon is a feasible business.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Enterprise Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Human Consumption
  topic: keywords
subject: Profitable
  topic: keywords
subject: Return on Investment
  topic: keywords
subject: Pusit Chicharon
  topic: keywords
creator: Mary Joy Antolin Pacatang
rights: Copyright (c) 2017 Mary Joy Antolin Pacatang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2017-12-28
publication date: 2017-12-28
starting page: 120
ending page: 130
doi: 10.59120/drj.v11i3.537

Design and Construction of Motorcycle Telescopic Oil Seal Remover with Installer
type: item
description: This study, entitled “Design and Construction of Motorcycle Telescopic Oil Seal Remover with Installer,” is a device to assist the technician in safely, comfortably, and efficiently servicing the motorcycle telescopic. This study was conducted to determine the essential components of the gadget in terms of supplies, tools, and equipment to be used. To determine the production cost of the study in terms of materials cost and labor. To determine also the function and limitation of the tool in terms of capacity, longevity, and to identify its functionality, cost effectiveness, aesthetics, and design. This device is composed of a frame, a telescopic holder, an oil seal remover, and an installer, which makes the whole system functional. The questionnaires were distributed and answered by the 60 respondents, composed of 50 BITM students and 10 experts. The findings show that the materials and supplies used in fabricating the said project were made up of affordable materials. The total cost of the gadget is Php 11,105.00. It took 43 hours to make this tool. The device was found to be very functional, attractive, and affordable, based on the combined assessment of the expert and the students. Based on the findings and results, the fabrication of the project is technically feasible and could be produced locally. It helps technicians to easily remove and install the motorcycle telescopic oil seal remover with an installer. Thus, the study should be conducted to improve the design and efficiency of the complete project.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Construction
  topic: keywords
subject: Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Motorcycle
  topic: keywords
subject: Seal
  topic: keywords
subject: Telescopic
  topic: keywords
creator: Bernel T Lanus
creator: Jeffrey M Moanag
creator: Renie P Bancale
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Bernel T. Lanus, Jeffrey M. Moanag, Renie P. Bancale https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2018-12-28
publication date: 2018-12-28
starting page: 74
ending page: 91
doi: 10.59120/drj.v12i1.536

Molecular and Histopathological Detection of Vibrio harveyi Associated with Mortality in Asian Sea Bass Cultured in Sri Lanka
type: item
description: Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer), commonly known as barramundi, is an economically important food fish inhabiting coastal and brackish waters. In Sri Lanka, demand for commercial and recreational fishing has increased due to its mild flavor and culinary versatility. However, disease outbreaks pose significant challenges to aquaculture production, particularly in cage culture systems. This study investigated the causative agent of mass mortality events in Asian sea bass farms in Trincomalee, Sri Lanka. Fish exhibiting clinical signs, including skin ulcers, fin rot, exophthalmia, and lethargy, were collected for examination. Samples from the kidney, liver, and spleen were cultured on Tryptic Soy Agar (TSA) and Thiosulfate Citrate Bile Salts Sucrose (TCBS) agar at 37 °C for 24-48 hr. Isolates produced small to medium, round, convex colonies on TSA and green colonies on TCBS. Biochemical characterization revealed Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, catalase-positive, motile rods that fermented glucose without gas production. Molecular identification using 16S rRNA polymerase chain reaction confirmed the pathogen as Vibrio harveyi with 99.44% similarity to strain CP014038.2. The sequence was deposited in GenBank (accession number OR351233). Histopathological examination revealed tubular injury, necrotic epithelial cells, and macrophage-lymphocyte infiltration in liver and kidney tissues. This study confirms that Vibrio harveyi is strongly associated with Vibriosis, causing mass mortality in Asian sea bass cage culture in Trincomalee. These findings provide essential baseline data for developing effective disease prevention and control strategies in Sri Lankan aquaculture systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Aquaculture disease
  topic: keywords
subject: Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer)
  topic: keywords
subject: Molecular identification
  topic: keywords
subject: Vibrio harveyi
  topic: keywords
subject: Vibriosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Sakajamary Velichor
creator: Mohamed Naleem Mohamed Fouzi
creator: Samanthika Jagoda
creator: Rasika Jinadasa
creator: Muneeb Mohamed Musthafa
creator: Faiz Mohideen Mohamed Thassim Marikar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Sakajamary Velichor, Mohamed Naleem Mohamed Fouzi, Samanthika Jagoda, Rasika Jinadasa, Muneeb Mohamed Musthafa, Faiz Mohideen Mohamed Thassim Marikar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 36
ending page: 46
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.535

Math Avoidance and Psychological Difficulties in Relation to Number Sense: A Structural Equation Model
type: item
description: Weak number sense persists into tertiary education and is often associated with math avoidance and psychological difficulties that hinder students’ engagement and performance in mathematics. While prior studies have examined constructs such as math anxiety, self-efficacy, and achievement independently, limited research has explored the structural relationships among math avoidance, psychological difficulties, and number sense simultaneously, particularly at the college level. Moreover, the application of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze these constructs as latent variables within a unified framework remains limited, resulting in an incomplete understanding of how affective factors interact with numerical proficiency among students with recent mathematical learning experiences. To address this gap, this study examined the structural relationships among math avoidance, psychological difficulties, and number sense among first- and second-year college students. A correlational quantitative research design was employed, involving 214 participants selected through purposive sampling and enrolled in mathematics-related courses. Data were collected through validated instruments administered via Google Forms. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and SEM were utilized to analyze the data. Results revealed moderate levels of math avoidance, psychological difficulties, and number sense. Math avoidance was significantly and positively related to psychological difficulties and negatively associated with number sense, while psychological difficulties showed no significant relationship with number sense. The SEM results indicated excellent model fit, supporting the proposed framework. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing math avoidance through targeted interventions that enhance confidence, reduce anxiety, and promote active engagement in learning mathematics.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Math avoidance
  topic: keywords
subject: number sense
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological difficulties
  topic: keywords
subject: structural equation model
  topic: keywords
subject: tertiary students
  topic: keywords
creator: Christine Claire M. Caberos
creator: Rholey R Picaza
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Christine Claire M. Caberos, Rholey R. Picaza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-14
publication date: 2026-04-14
starting page: 24
ending page: 35
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.532

Professional Experience and Personal Circumstances as Determinants of Science Teacher Preparedness in Lupon District, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: Science teachers play a critical role in ensuring effective classroom instruction, particularly in rural and resource-limited settings where instructional challenges persist. This study aimed to assess the level of preparedness of public secondary science teachers in the Lupon East and Lupon West Districts, Division of Davao Oriental, and to determine whether significant differences in preparedness exist across groups defined by selected demographic variables. Guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior, the study examined teacher preparedness in terms of attitude toward preparation, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control using a quantitative descriptive research design. A total of 52 science teachers were included through total enumeration, and data were collected using a validated survey questionnaire and analyzed through descriptive statistics and Analysis of Variance. The results revealed a very high level of preparedness among science teachers across all three dimensions, with attitude toward preparation obtaining the highest mean, followed by subjective norms and perceived behavioral control. No significant differences in preparedness were found across age, sex, and educational attainment groups. Significant differences were observed based on civil status and length of service, with single teachers and those with six to ten years of teaching experience demonstrating higher levels of preparedness. These findings suggest that science teacher preparedness is shaped more by professional experience and personal circumstances than by demographic or academic characteristics. The study concludes that contextualized professional development programs tailored to teachers’ career stages and rural teaching conditions are essential to sustaining and enhancing science instruction in Lupon District, Davao Oriental.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rural schools
  topic: keywords
subject: science education
  topic: keywords
subject: theory of planned behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher preparedness
  topic: keywords
subject: quantitative descriptive research
  topic: keywords
creator: Mae A Repaso
creator: Gemma M Valdez
creator: Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Mae A. Repaso, Gemma M. Valdez, Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-06
publication date: 2026-04-06
starting page: 15
ending page: 23
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.525

Enhancing Food Diversification to Address Food Security among Fishermen in Davao Region, Philippines
type: item
description: Coastal fisheries are vital to the country’s economy and provide a livelihood for many households in the Philippines. The fishing sector is a vulnerable group and heavily reliant on fishing for its livelihood. However, the country faced environmental constraints and societal challenges. To feed the growing population, food security must be ensured and nutrition knowledge improved across the fisheries sector and the country. This study aimed to assess the food security status of local fisherfolk in the Davao region, describe the common food groups consumed by the fisherfolk, calculate the fisherfolk's food consumption score, and expand food assistance to fisherfolk with a low food consumption score. To achieve this, random sampling was employed using a semi-structured interview questionnaire. The Food Consumption Assessment Tool of WFP-FAO was used to analyze fishers' calorie intake across selected coastal cities and municipalities in the Davao region. The results revealed that coastal households across all municipalities have excellent consumption of cereals, meat, and milk, suggesting frequent intake of a nutrient-dense diet. However, consumption of fruits, spices, and oils falls within the poor consumption range, indicating limited use and rare consumption of these food groups. Results show that a food policy is necessary to address food insecurity among coastal households. Food insecurity will likely decrease by promoting local goods, such as backyard-grown fresh produce or container gardening for direct consumption. Furthermore, to address these problems and improve the food security of fishing communities in the Davao Gulf, coordinated strategies that support sustainable fisheries, diversify revenue streams, and provide access to foods high in micronutrients are needed.
subject: Policy Brief
  topic: section
subject: Coastal fisheries
  topic: keywords
subject: calorie intake
  topic: keywords
subject: food consumption score
  topic: keywords
subject: food groups
  topic: keywords
subject: food security
  topic: keywords
subject: food diversification
  topic: keywords
creator: Arianne Kay O Liguez
creator: John Edward M Jimenez
creator: Michael Jeriel I Bersaldo
creator: Erna S Macusi
creator: Edison D Macusi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Arianne Kay O. Liguez, John Edward M. Jimenez, Michael Jeriel I. Bersaldo, Erna S. Macusi, Edison D. Macusi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-26
publication date: 2026-03-26
starting page: 10
ending page: 14
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.523

Awareness and Perceptions on Reproductive Health Law Among Tausug in Magsaysay, Mati City, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: Awareness and perceptions on Reproductive Health Law among Tausug in Magsaysay, Mati City, Davao Oriental were the main focus of this study. This used a qualitative, descriptive research design. Ethnographic methodology was also utilized in the study. The respondents were identified through snowball sampling or chain-referral sampling. A one-on-one interview and thematic analysis were used to collect and analyze the data. There were N=50 respondents identified. The respondents were 15-60 years old for males and 15-40 years old for females, either married or unmarried. As a result of the study, it was found that only 48% of Tausug who were aware of the Reproductive Health Law were male. According to the study, television was the most common source of their information. Their knowledge of the RH Law was limited to Family Planning and Contraceptives. Religion played a significant role in the acceptance of the RH Law. There were only 28% who were aware and willing to accept and follow the RH Law. The reason those 20% who did not accept and follow the RH Law cited was that it was against their religion; thus, there was a lack of awareness and misconceptions among the respondents.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: Contraceptives
  topic: keywords
subject: Law
  topic: keywords
subject: Perception
  topic: keywords
subject: Reproductive
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdullah M Barabag
rights: Copyright (c) 2014 Abdullah M. Barabag https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2014-12-18
publication date: 2014-12-18
starting page: 57
ending page: 74
doi: 10.59120/drj.v10i1.522

Gender Mapping of Abaca Farmers in Baganga, Davao Oriental, Philippines
type: item
description: This study was conducted to determine the socio-economic profiles of respondents, determine the participation of husband, wife and children in abaca production activities and determine the working conditions of wives and children relative to abaca production. The study was conducted in Barangay Campawan and Barangay Mikit, Baganga, Davao Oriental. Using a descriptive method of research, a rapid research design was employed wherein demographic and economic characteristic of all respondents in the two barangays were gathered. Analysis of data was also applied the frequency distribution and percentages. Results of the study showed that majority of respondents were males and between 34-41 years old. Most of them attained only elementary education and were married, professed Roman Catholic and spoke Mandaya. Majority owned 3- 4 hectares and only 1-2 hectares were planted with abaca. In terms of income, Abaca dominated among the crop production in the farm area. In Abaca production activities, husband had the most contribution from planting to marketing. Wives and children also assisted in the abaca production. The farm area was very far from the house of respondents. Most of the respondents went to the farm area from 4 am to 8 am and returned around 5 pm. The abaca farmers worked more than 8 hours a day. Husbands did not allow their wives to go to the farm area if not feeling well. Children stayed home to do household chores if their parents were working in the farm area.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abaca production
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender mapping
  topic: keywords
subject: marketing
  topic: keywords
subject: planting
  topic: keywords
subject: production
  topic: keywords
creator: Jecel M Dolosa
creator: Lilibeth S Galvez
rights: Copyright (c) 2018 Jecel M. Dolosa, Lilibeth S. Galvez, PhD https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2018-12-12
publication date: 2018-12-12
starting page: 61
ending page: 73
doi: 10.59120/drj.v12i1.520

Lea Angsinco-Jimenez, Ph.D.: A Pioneer in Marine Science—Legacy and Impact
type: item
description: Dr. Lea Angsinco-Jimenez, a distinguished Filipino marine scientist, educator, and research administrator whose career spans more than four decades of service to marine science, coastal resource management, and higher education in the Philippines. She currently serves as Professor VI and Vice President for Research, Innovation, and Extension at Davao Oriental State University, where she has significantly contributed to advancing marine and coastal studies in the Davao Region. Her early exposure to the coastal ecosystems of Mati, Davao Oriental fostered a deep and enduring commitment to marine conservation. Dr. Jimenez began her professional career in aquaculture and fisheries research, working with the Southern Philippines Development Authority and the Mindanao State University–Institute of Fisheries Research and Development. These experiences strengthened her expertise in marine ecology, coral reef assessment, and field-based research. She later transitioned to academia, where she advanced through the ranks while pursuing higher education, earning a Master of Science in Marine Ecology from Vrije Universiteit Brussel and a Ph.D. in Higher Education. Her research covers coastal ecosystem management, mangrove rehabilitation, marine pollution, artificial reef development, and biodiversity conservation. She has led and collaborated on numerous projects funded by national and international agencies. As a research leader, she strengthened institutional programs and fostered partnerships with global organizations. A co-inventor of the patented Speedy Sea Scanner, she exemplifies innovation in marine monitoring. Widely recognized for her mentorship and community engagement, Dr. Jimenez’s legacy is defined by her contributions to science, institutional development, and environmental sustainability. Continuing influence beyond formal roles.
subject: Feature
  topic: section
subject: Coastal resource management
  topic: keywords
subject: dedication
  topic: keywords
subject: institutional contribution
  topic: keywords
subject: marine biology
  topic: keywords
subject: research
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivy M Nallos
creator: John Edward M Jimenez
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ivy M. Nallos, John Edward M. Jimenez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 130
ending page: 133
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.521

Strengthening Resilience among Small-Scale Fishers in Coastal Communities in Davao Region
type: item
description: Small-scale fisheries are vital to food security and livelihoods in coastal communities, yet fishing households face multiple environmental, institutional, and livelihood-related risks. This study analyzes vulnerability levels and resilience capacities of fishers across selected municipalities in the Davao Gulf. Fieldwork interviews were conducted using indicators that measure the vulnerability and resilience of coastal communities. Vulnerability was low in Samal (0.15), Sta. Cruz (0), Carmen (0.1) & St. Maria (0.33). This indicates that they are not directly affected by climate hazards and other stressors, whereas other municipalities experienced moderate vulnerability. Resilience is low in Mabini (0), Pantukan (0.5), and Samal (0.15) due to age and health issues and the lack of alternative livelihoods, which require intervention from the government and other concerned agencies. Governor Generoso (0.73) and Sta. Maria (1.01) is a municipality with the highest level of resilience. It emphasizes that livelihood diversification, adaptive capacity and effective enforcement are present in the area. In contrast, others show moderate resilience. The findings highlight the need for integrated policies that address environmental management, institutional support, livelihood diversification, and nutrition to strengthen the resilience of coastal fishing communities.
subject: Policy Brief
  topic: section
subject: Climate risk
  topic: keywords
subject: Fisheries governance
  topic: keywords
subject: Livelihoods
  topic: keywords
subject: Resilience index
  topic: keywords
subject: Vulnerability index
  topic: keywords
creator: John Edward M. Jimenez
creator: Arianne Kay O Liguez
creator: Michael Jeriel I Bersaldo
creator: Erna S Macusi
creator: Edison D Macusi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 John Edward M. Jimenez, Arianne Kay O. Liguez, Michael Jeriel I. Bersaldo, Erna S. Macusi, Edison D. Macusi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-24
publication date: 2026-03-24
starting page: 6
ending page: 9
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i2.519

Perceptions, Causes, and Socioeconomic Effects of Drowning in Artisanal Fishing Communities
type: item
description: Drowning is an under-recognized occupational hazard in Ghana's marine and inland fishing communities. This study examined the perceptions, causes, and effects of drowning in these sectors through a cross-sectional survey of 151 respondents, utilizing structured questionnaires with a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and One-Way ANOVA. The results indicated that perceptions and causes of drowning were significantly higher in inland fisheries (MSP = 3.2 ± 0.2; MSC = 4.1 ± 0.1) compared to marine fisheries (MSP = 2.7 ± 0.1; MSC = 3.6 ± 0.2) (Mann-Whitney U-test, p < 0.05). In the marine fisheries, the primary causes of drowning were poor swimming decisions (MSC = 3.49), overloaded boats (MSC = 3.73), and extreme weather conditions (MSC = 3.15). Conversely, in inland fisheries, the significant causes were poor swimming decisions (MS = 4.58), overloaded boats (MSC = 4.56), poor knowledge of wave patterns (MSC = 4.31), submerged tree stumps (MSC = 4.15), and extreme weather conditions (MSC = 4.08). Regarding the effects of drowning, the main effects of drowning from both inland and marine fisheries were death (MSinland = 4.63 and MSmarine = 4.08) and financial stress (MSinland = 4.31 and MSmarine = 3.51). Based on these findings, it is recommended that fisheries-specific strategies, including awareness programs and infrastructure development, such as tree stump removal, be urgently implemented to reduce drowning incidents in Ghanaian fishing communities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artisanal fisheries
  topic: keywords
subject: Inland
  topic: keywords
subject: Ghana
  topic: keywords
subject: Marine
  topic: keywords
subject: Occupational safety
  topic: keywords
creator: Samuel K.K Amponsah
creator: Gilbert Baah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Samuel K.K. Amponsah, Gibert Baah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
starting page: 119
ending page: 129
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.516

Contours of Conviction: Quantifying Identity Stability among Muslim Youth in Response to Contemporary Islamic Thought
type: item
description: This study examined the stability of religious identity among Muslim youth in Palimbang, Sultan Kudarat, and its relationship with exposure to contemporary Islamic thought. Religious identity stability, encompassing belief, practice, and affiliation, was analyzed in the context of increasing exposure to contemporary Islamic interpretations and digital religious discourse. Employing a descriptive–correlational design, the study surveyed 220 Muslim youth aged 18 to 30 years using a structured, expert-validated questionnaire measuring religious identity stability and exposure to contemporary Islamic thought. Descriptive statistics revealed high levels of stability across belief (M = 4.09), practice (M = 3.91), and affiliation (M = 4.14), suggesting that religiosity among Muslim youth in Palimbang remains both firm and adaptive. Respondents reported openness to contemporary interpretive perspectives (M = 3.87) and perceived that contemporary Islamic thought strengthened their understanding of Islam (M = 4.20). A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.483, p < .001) was found between exposure to contemporary Islamic thought and religious identity stability, indicating that engagement with contemporary Islamic discourse, particularly through digital scholarship and contemporary Islamic learning platforms, reinforces faith commitment. These findings highlight that Muslim youth exhibit adaptive stability, maintaining coherence of belief and practice while integrating reflective engagement with contemporary Islamic scholarship. This suggests that exposure to contemporary Islamic interpretations and digital Islamic discourse fosters cognitive maturity, critical reasoning, and faith resilience. The study contributes to understanding how contemporary Islamic engagement sustains religious identity within rural Muslim communities, offering implications for religious education and youth development initiatives in the Philippine context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Contemporary Islamic Thought
  topic: keywords
subject: Faith Resilience
  topic: keywords
subject: Islamic Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Muslim Youth
  topic: keywords
subject: Religious Stability
  topic: keywords
creator: Abusailan P Akmad
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Abusailan P. Akmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-17
publication date: 2026-03-17
starting page: 109
ending page: 118
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.514

Estimating the Health Production Function: A National-Level Study of Bangladesh
type: item
description: Health is a fundamental human right and a crucial determinant of human capital formation, exerting a significant influence on economic growth and development. This study empirically examines the health production function at the national level in Bangladesh, using 50 years (1975-2024) of secondary data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics and the World Bank. A multiple regression model is applied to identify the critical determinants of health status, with Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation. Since this study uses time-series data, it applies diagnostic tests for stationarity, multicollinearity, and autocorrelation before estimating the OLS model. The results reveal that literacy rate, employment rate, access to safe drinking water, availability of physicians, and per capita health expenditure are positively associated with life expectancy at birth, a measure of the health status of people at the national level. Conversely, the poverty headcount ratio demonstrates a negative relation with life expectancy. The findings highlight the importance of adopting a comprehensive policy framework to improve public health outcomes. Providing quality education, integrating health awareness campaigns, and implementing targeted healthcare subsidies are crucial steps toward improving the national health status. Given the relationship between health status and economic progress, a strategic focus on inclusive healthcare policies and equitable resource allocation is imperative for fostering sustainable development in Bangladesh.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bangladesh
  topic: keywords
subject: economic growth
  topic: keywords
subject: health production function
  topic: keywords
subject: life expectancy
  topic: keywords
subject: ordinary least squares
  topic: keywords
subject: poverty
  topic: keywords
creator: Md Shamsul Alam
creator: Md Elias Hossain
creator: Md Asduzzaman Kiron
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Md Shamsul Alam, Md Elias Hossain, Md Asduzzaman Kiron https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-24
publication date: 2026-03-24
starting page: 101
ending page: 108
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.511

Gendered Division of Labor in Traditional Upland Rice Farming Systems in the Selected Municipalities of the Third Congressional District of Iloilo
type: item
description: The traditional upland rice cultivation system in the Philippines demonstrates an equilibrium among cultural traditions, ecological adaptation, and gendered divisions of labour. The study was conducted in the five municipalities of the Third District of Iloilo, where TURVs are farmed, preserved, and connected to their culture. Using a structured criteria and guidelines, on-farm interviews and community consultations, and triangulations were employed from (n = 1,935) respondents. A colour-coded matrix was integrated (men’s activities presented in blue cells, women’s activities in yellow cells, the joint-task-sharing indicates green cells, and violet cells – not applicable activities). Findings indicated distinct gender-related clusters of labor specialization. Land tillage, fertilization, and pest control remain significantly more male-dominated because they are physical and technically demanding. By contrast, seed system management, sowing or planting, weeding, harvesting, and postharvesting are shared primarily by both genders. Women are active participants in seed selection, storage, processing, and, in some instances, sales and marketing: They actively participate in actions which contribute to household food security and cultural persistence. Evidence of inadequate or informal marketing of upland rice has been drawn from this research and indicates that TURVs depend on subsistence and serve to constitute community life. Gender inclusivity needs to be emphasized and integrated into agricultural research, development planning, and improvement plans. Equitable participation not only reinforces household resistance but also maintains indigenous means of knowledge systems and culturally appropriate interventions suitable to the daily life situations of upland farmer families.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Color-coded matrix
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural-affinity
  topic: keywords
subject: seed systems
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable upland rice farming
  topic: keywords
subject: traditional upland rice variety
  topic: keywords
creator: Edreson G Torteo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Edreson G. Torteo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20
starting page: 86
ending page: 100
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.510

Physical Activity Barriers and Holistic Wellness among Teacher Education Students
type: item
description: This study aimed to determine the significant relationship between physical activity barriers and holistic wellness among teacher education students. Using quantitative research design, the study employed descriptive-correlational method with 180 teacher education students as respondents. There was significant relationship between physical activity barriers and holistic wellness among teacher education students. The results revealed that among teacher education students, the mean scores for physical activity barriers were: lack of willpower (3.43), lack of time (3.30), lack of resources (3.08), fear of injury (2.79), and lack of skills and social influence (both 2.76). These results yielded an overall mean of 3.09, indicating a moderate level of perceived barriers; notably, the only barrier to reach a "high" mean was lack of energy (3.54). Regarding holistic wellness, students achieved high mean scores in physical and environmental health (3.74), mental and emotional health (3.95), and spiritual and social health (4.18). The overall result of the two variables got computed on Pearson R-value of 267 that generated a p-value of .000, which means that based on the 0.05 level of significance, the probability yield was less than the alpha value (p<.05) means there is a significant relationship between physical activity barriers and holistic wellness among teacher education students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Barriers
  topic: keywords
subject: Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Holistic
  topic: keywords
subject: Physical
  topic: keywords
subject: Wellness
  topic: keywords
creator: Odesyl M Caparos
rights: Copyright (c) 2015 Odesyl M. Caparos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2015-12-15
publication date: 2015-12-15
starting page: 52
ending page: 69
doi: 10.59120/drj.v11i1.508

Levels of Awareness, Importance and Willingness to Engage in Agri-Tourism: In the case of Farm Owners and some Sectors in the Municipality of Manay
type: item
description: This study was conducted to measure the levels of awareness, importance and willingness of the respondents to engage in agri-tourism in the municipality of Manay, Davao Oriental. Respondents of this study were 13 including farmers, representatives from the selected sectors in the community policy maker, government, transport sector, student and professional. The farmers were identified as Gawad-saka awardees located in four barangays namely, San Ignacio, Holy cross, Cayawan and Tubigan. Semi-structured interview questionnaires were used to collect data, analyzed, interpreted and computed through frequency counts and percentages. Most of the respondents being interviewed were males; under the age bracket raging 51-60 years old, 40-50 years old and 61-70 years old. About 92% of the marital status of respondents were married and the remaining 8% were single. Most of the respondents were Mandaya and majority of their religion were Catholic. In terms of the primary source of income of the respondents, most of them rely on farming and 46% of the respondent finished their tertiary level. Farmers were highly aware of what is agri-tourism. Some sectors in the community were also highly aware on what is agri-tourism, its definition, terms related to agri-tourism and some activities to enjoy in. Farmers perceived that agri-tourism was very important as well as some sectors in which the result shows the general importance was very high. Farmers were very willing to engage in agri-tourism as well as some sectors recognized agri-tourism as income generating and would greatly help the economic status of the farms.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Agri-tourism
  topic: keywords
subject: awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: Manay
  topic: keywords
subject: Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: Willingness-to-engage
  topic: keywords
creator: Christine Mae G Cabanos
rights: Copyright (c) 2015 Christine Mae G. Cabanos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2015-12-15
publication date: 2015-12-15
starting page: 35
ending page: 51
doi: 10.59120/drj.v11i1.507

Assessing the Implementation and Outcomes of the Non-Commissioned Officer (NCO) Empowerment Program of the 56th Infantry (TATAG) Battalion, 7th Infantry (KAUGNAY) Division, Philippine Army
type: item
description: This paper assessed the initiative programs developed within the 56th Infantry Battalion, aligned with the NCO Empowerment Program of the Headquarters, Philippine Army, and their effects on leadership confidence, professional initiative, and unit performance among NCOs. A multi-method design was utilized, employing a descriptive-comparative quantitative framework to determine significant differences across profiles, complemented by a descriptive-exploratory qualitative analysis. A total of 303 personnel from 56IB, 7ID, PA participated in the study. Quantitative data were examined using frequency, percentage, average weighted mean, T-test, and ANOVA, while qualitative data were analyzed by Braun and Clarke’s Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Results revealed that the level of implementation was rated as “Very High” (AWM = 4.68), while the extent of outcomes was perceived at a “Very High Extent” (AWM = 4.61). A significant difference in perceived outcomes was identified regarding rank (p = 0.008), specifically showing that Junior NCOs (Corporal to Sergeant) benefited most by gaining leadership confidence and professional initiative. While mentorship and recognition bolstered morale, challenges such as hesitation due to traditional command norms and personal welfare issues were identified. Overall, the program significantly enhances leadership development, professional initiative, and unit performance, but requires sustained mentoring and structured leadership training to address organizational barriers. These findings suggest that empowering NCOs at the tactical level strengthens coordination and decision-making, contributing to the broader professionalization of the Philippine Army.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Junior NCOs
  topic: keywords
subject: Leadership Confidence
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional Initiative
  topic: keywords
subject: Unit Performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali B Sumangil
creator: Bismark D Gumela
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ali B. Sumangil, Bismark D. Gumela https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
starting page: 73
ending page: 85
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.502

Elevation-Driven Shifts in Species Diversity, Endemicity, and Vegetation Structure across the Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Davao Oriental, Philippines
type: item
description: Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary (MHRWS) in Davao Oriental, Philippines, is among the country’s most ecologically diverse and geologically unique mountain ecosystems. Rising to 1,620 m above sea level and covering 6,834 ha, it is part of the Eastern Mindanao Biodiversity Corridor. Declared a national park in 2003 and designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2014, Mt. Hamiguitan supports numerous endemic and threatened species through collaborative stewardship by national agencies, local governments, and indigenous communities. This study analyzed vegetation profiles and land cover types along Mt. Hamiguitan’s elevational gradient to clarify biodiversity patterns and ecological zonation. Sixteen vegetation quadrats were systematically established at 100-m intervals from 140-1,620 m above sea level. Species composition, forest type, and mean diameter at breast height (DBH) were recorded and integrated with satellite-derived land cover data and GIS analysis to evaluate habitat distribution and human influence. Five major forest formations were identified: agroecosystem (75–420 m), dipterocarp forest (420–920 m), montane forest (920–1,160 m), mossy forest (1,160–1,350 m), and mossy-pygmy forest (1,160–1,620 m). Elevation strongly influenced shifts in species diversity, endemicity, and vegetation structure. Lower elevations were dominated by agriculturally influenced species such as Ficus indica and Chrysophyllum cainito, while higher zones supported stunted, endemic taxa including Leptospermum flavescens and Tristaniopsis micrantha, adapted to ultramafic soils and cooler, wind-exposed environments. The study underscores Mt. Hamiguitan’s role as a vertically stratified refuge for endemic biodiversity and highlights the need to protect high-altitude forests, restore buffer zones, and monitor climate-driven species shifts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Conservation Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Endemism
  topic: keywords
subject: Forest Stratification
  topic: keywords
subject: Remote Sensing
  topic: keywords
subject: Tropical Forest Ecosystem
  topic: keywords
creator: Ramil L Ramos
creator: Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica
creator: Emily S Antonio
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Ramil L. Ramos, Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica, Emily S. Antonio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-16
publication date: 2026-03-16
starting page: 60
ending page: 72
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.500

Microbial Assessment of Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology's (DOSCST) Water System Mati, Davao Oriental: A Basis for Management Intervention
type: item
description: This study dealt with the microbial assessment of the water system of Davao Oriental State College of Science and Technology (DOSCST). It determined the Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms, identifying the genera of coliforms, water consumption, and health-related information among the students, faculty, staff, and management intervention to water supply. The study was conducted in the DOSCST's main campus. Collection of water samples was done on December 2006 and January 2007 Results disclosed that the Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms in the water sample ranged from 9, 11, 13, and 16. Thermotolerant bacteria, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumonia were the four (4) genera of coliforms found in the water samples. Thus, water proved to be not suitable for drinking. Evidently, the students (50.70%), faculty (49.98%), and staff (43.33%) consumed the water supply of the college for drinking, washing, cooking, bathing, and watering of plants. The frequency of usage was seldom for students, frequent for the faculty, and most frequent for the staff. Of all the respondents, students (0.3%) and faculty (0.7%) had experienced water-related health problems such as stomach aches and skin rashes. Students had experienced water-related health problems most frequently, while the faculty had experienced them always. On the other hand, the staff had never experienced any water-related health problems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Bacteria
  topic: keywords
subject: Coliforms
  topic: keywords
subject: Klebsiella
  topic: keywords
subject: Pseudomonas
  topic: keywords
subject: Thermotolerant
  topic: keywords
creator: Jennie Besas
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Jennie C. Besas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-11
publication date: 2026-02-11
starting page: 58
ending page: 67
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.499

Advantages of Restricted Caregiving on Work Behaviors of Digitally Fixated Children Ages 2–5 in Cavite
type: item
description: The study investigated the effects of caregiving approaches on the work behaviors of digitally fixated children aged 2 to 5 years in Cavite, Philippines. It examined how restricted, unrestricted, and supervised caregiving approaches influence a child’s attention, concentration, frustration tolerance, and impulse control. A descriptive correlational quantitative design was used, involving 75 caregiver–child dyads selected through purposive and convenience sampling. The study introduced a caregiver approach classification tool developed and validated for the Philippine context, which caregivers completed along with adapted instruments to rate their children’s work behaviors. Descriptive statistics showed that the restricted caregiving approach was most prevalent, followed by supervised and unrestricted, while caregiver reports indicated average work behavior quality. Spearman’s rank-order correlation indicated a very weak, positive, and non-significant association between caregiving approaches and work behaviors. In contrast, the Kruskal–Wallis H test revealed significant differences in work behaviors across caregiving approaches, with Dunn’s post hoc analysis confirming higher work behavior levels among children in restricted caregiving than in supervised or unrestricted caregiving. These findings suggest that a restricted caregiving approach may better support work behaviors among digitally fixated young children by providing consistent structure and clear limits during task engagement.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Early childhood development
  topic: keywords
subject: child behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: restricted
  topic: keywords
subject: unrestricted
  topic: keywords
subject: supervision
  topic: keywords
creator: Kyla Marie B Lucas
creator: Pauline L Hernandez
creator: Jennifer Rose R Ablang
creator: Michael Balabat
creator: Andrea Gelyn C Cascante
creator: Andrei Miguel P Crucillo
creator: Vince Cedrick B Macuñat
creator: Keana Andria M Sarmiento
creator: Sophia Laureanna M. Sebastian
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Kyla Marie B. Lucas, Pauline L. Hernandez, Jennifer Rose R. Ablang, Michael Balabat, Andrea Gelyn C. Cascante, Andrei Miguel P. Crucillo, Vince Cedrick B. Macuñat, Keana Andria M. Sarmiento, Sophia Laureanna M. Sebastian https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
starting page: 51
ending page: 59
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.498

Performance of TALABLOCKS: Cement Hollow Block with Ostreidei Shell additive
type: item
description: This study investigates the potential use of oyster shells (Ostreidae) as an additive in the production of hollow blocks to enhance their mechanical and physical properties. Specifically, it assessed the effects of oyster shell incorporation on compressive strength and water absorption performance. An experimental–descriptive research design was employed to establish cause-and-effect relationships while providing a detailed characterization of the material's behavior. The experiment was conducted at ParksHub Hollow Blocks, Purok Dita, Bobon, Mati City, Davao Oriental, and laboratory evaluation was performed at Triple M Material Testing Center, Tagum City. Observations and measurements were systematically recorded using a logbook, and data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to compare the performance of “Talablocks” (oyster shell–enhanced blocks) with commercial hollow blocks. Results revealed a significant increase in compressive strength for Talablocks compared with conventional hollow blocks, indicating the potential of oyster shell powder to enhance load-bearing capacity. Visual observations during and after compressive strength testing showed no noticeable cracking or abnormal failure patterns in Talablocks, suggesting that the added oyster shell powder did not induce brittleness. In contrast, water absorption did not differ significantly between the two block types, indicating that although oyster shell addition may slightly increase hydration, it does not compromise material integrity or crack resistance. These findings demonstrate that oyster shell waste can be repurposed as an effective, sustainable additive in construction materials, reducing waste and promoting environmentally responsible hollow block production.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Compressive strength
  topic: keywords
subject: eco-friendly construction
  topic: keywords
subject: oyster shell additive
  topic: keywords
subject: sustainable building materials
  topic: keywords
subject: waste utilization
  topic: keywords
creator: Marjon Jake H Ruelo
creator: Judy Pearl M. Ranulo
creator: Patricia Kaye R. Acuña
creator: Prince John B. Guadalquiver
creator: Francis Noli T Sayawan
creator: Yasser D Musa
creator: John Ely P Palmera
creator: Norsalam Bascuña
creator: Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Marjon Jake H. Ruelo, Judy Pearl M. Ranulo, Patricia Kaye R. Acuña, Prince John B. Guadalquiver, Francis Noli T. Sayawan, Yasser D. Musa, John Ely P. Palmera, Norsalam Bascuña, Phoebe Nemenzo-Calica https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-11
publication date: 2026-03-11
starting page: 44
ending page: 50
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.497

Growth And Survival of Sea Hare (Dolabella auricularia) Fed with Seaweeds under Cage Condition in Guang-Guang, Mati City, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: Growth and survival of sea hare (Dolabella auricularia) fed with seaweeds under cage condition in Guang-guang, Mati, Davao Oriental was studied through measuring the weight of 120 samples, which ranged from 50 to 120, for three months (November 2006-January 2007). Cages were set up using (RCBD) Random Complete Block Design, four treatments with three replications: T1 control (no feeding), T2 feed with green algae (Caulerpa racemosa), T3 feed with brown algae (Sargassum polycystum), and T4 feed with red algae (Gracilaria sp.). Feeding was done weekly, and weight measurement was done every two weeks. Environmental parameters such as water temperature, pH, salinity, and turbidity were also determined every two weeks. Growth was measured by calculating the variance (S²). Survival was determined by the actual count of every individual. Data showed that growth of sea hare in T4 exhibited faster growth (0.28 gram per day fed with red algae Gracilaria sp.) compared to other treatments. Survival of sea hare ranged from 80% to 86%. Average mean temperature ranged from 31.89°C to 31.28°C, salinity ranged from 33.42 to 33.83 ppt, pH ranged from 7.93 to 7.95, and turbidity of water is very clear. During gut analysis, there were undigested parts of algae found in T4 and T2 specimens, while in T1 and T3 specimens, no remains of algae were found.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Salinity
  topic: keywords
subject: Seaweeds
  topic: keywords
subject: Specimen
  topic: keywords
subject: Treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Turbidity
  topic: keywords
creator: Michelle Jean M Gunayan
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Michelle Jean M. Gunayan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-04
publication date: 2026-02-04
starting page: 47
ending page: 57
doi: 10.59120/drj.v7i2.495

Quality, Utilization and Management of Groundwater in Barangay Badas, Mati, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: The study was conducted to assess the quality of groundwater and management practices of the residents in Barangay Badas, Mati, Davao Oriental. Specifically, this included the water utilization profile and biological characteristics—Most Probable Number (MPN) of coliforms per 100 ml. sample, chemical characteristics-pH. total dissolved solids, total hardness, chloride, nitrates, sodium, magnesium, and calcium. There were 208 respondents interviewed for the determination of water utilization profile, potential source of contamination, and water management practices of the residents in Barangay Badas. Five sampling sites were established for the collection of water samples, which were then submitted to the University of Immaculate Conception, Davao City for analysis. The Philippine National Standard for drinking water was used for water quality assessment. The t-test was used for data analyses in comparing the experimental mean to the standard value. The majority of the residents in Barangay Badas used their water for domestic purposes. The main possible sources of groundwater contamination in this area were the waste from agricultural activities, improper waste disposal, and improper sanitation. The results for the most probable number of coliforms per 100 ml. sample and sodium were above the maximum level. The pH levels were within the safe limits for drinking water. The results for total dissolved solids, total hardness, chlorides, nitrates differ from one station to another. Magnesium and calcium had no standard values. The residents of Barangay Badas should be educated on the importance of water management in order to conserve one of its non-renewable natural resources, the groundwater.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Biological
  topic: keywords
subject: Coliforms
  topic: keywords
subject: Contamination
  topic: keywords
subject: Disposal
  topic: keywords
subject: Groundwater
  topic: keywords
creator: Mark Jay C Gomez
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Mark Jay C. Gomez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 29
ending page: 46
doi: 10.59120/drj.v7i2.493

Media Exposure and Social Awareness of selected Residents in Mati City, Davao Oriental
type: item
description: The study was conducted to determine the media exposure and social awareness of some residents in Barangay Central, Mati, Davao Oriental. The objectives of the study were to determine the socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, determine the types or forms of media they are exposed to, and find out the reasons of the respondents for the types of media accessed. The research design utilized was the descriptive type, where the survey questionnaire was the instrument used in data gathering. And the simple frequency count and percentage was the method used in analyzing the data. The data showed that 33% cited that their choice of media was its accessibility in the home. Print media, specifically newspapers, was patronized as the most used by the majority. Broadcast media gained 19% of the respondents, with radio as the choice of the majority. The results revealed, too, that TV was used as a source of information and as the choice of the majority of the respondents. The Internet was the choice of 14% of respondents as a source of information among the types of multimedia. The respondents also revealed that media were contributory to their social awareness regarding the events across the nations and the world in general. Through media the respondents pointed out that they have adequate information that helped them cope with their social undertaking as well as face problems affecting their social well-being. The sociodemographic and socioeconomic characteristics have no significant relationship with the choice of media exposure.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: Broadcast
  topic: keywords
subject: Exposure
  topic: keywords
subject: Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Socioeconomic
  topic: keywords
creator: Jennecorse M Egos
rights: Copyright (c) 2007 Jennecorse M. Egos https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-02
publication date: 2026-02-02
starting page: 15
ending page: 28
doi: 10.59120/drj.v7i2.492

Technology-Integrated Problem-Based Learning in Mathematics Education: A Scoping Review of Technological Trajectories, Pedagogy, Learning, and Challenges
type: item
description: Technology-Integrated Problem-Based Learning (TI-PrBL) is gaining attention as an approach that combines digital tools, artificial intelligence, and real-world problems to enhance mathematics teaching and learning. This scoping review evaluates existing theoretical and empirical evidence on TI-PrBL in mathematics education to examine its pedagogical foundations, impact on students’ problem-solving skills, and the challenges faced in its implementation. A scoping review design was adopted, guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) framework, to identify and map relevant studies. The review revealed four key themes. First, the evolution of technology use shows a shift from tools that emphasized efficiency, such as calculators and spreadsheets, toward platforms that foster inquiry, collaboration, and visualization, including GeoGebra, Desmos, and generative AI. Second, TI-PrBL is anchored in constructivist, self-regulated, and transformative learning theories, highlighting its capacity to strengthen higher-order thinking, autonomy, and reflective engagement. Third, consistent findings point to its positive impact on mathematical problem-solving, with students demonstrating deeper conceptual understanding, flexible strategies, and collaborative reasoning in TI-PrBL environments. Finally, challenges persist, including limited teacher preparedness, an accelerating digital divide due to inequitable access to technology, and gaps in student digital literacy, which raise concerns about the long-term sustainability and inclusivity of the TI-PrBL framework. Overall, the findings suggest that TI-PrBL holds strong potential to enhance mathematical problem-solving when aligned with authentic, real-world tasks and supported by inclusive technological access, institutional investment, and hybrid instructional models that balance inquiry-based and teacher-guided learning.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Digital divide
  topic: keywords
subject: Generative AI
  topic: keywords
subject: Mathematics Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Problem-Based Learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Diether C Montejo
creator: Chris R Buscay
creator: Roland A Nasayao
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Diether C. Montejo, Chris R. Buscay, Roland A. Nasayao https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-09
publication date: 2026-03-09
starting page: 30
ending page: 43
doi: 10.59120/drj.v17i1.490